Report

Teaser, summary, work performed and final results

Periodic Reporting for period 1 - NExtNCNaBatt (Novel Extended solids based on N=C chemistry for future Na-ion Batteries)

Teaser

The large and increasing demand for energies with a low CO2 footprint has prompted intense research and development on renewable energies as well as on sustainable electrochemical energy storage systems to fully utilize them. This requires the development and understanding of...

Summary

The large and increasing demand for energies with a low CO2 footprint has prompted intense research and development on renewable energies as well as on sustainable electrochemical energy storage systems to fully utilize them. This requires the development and understanding of battery chemistries from earth abundant low-cost raw materials, which can be easily synthesized, with Sodium (Na) ion batteries at the forefront of meeting these requirements.
While in Na-ion batteries most efforts are made to investigate materials that are essentially derivatives of Li chemistry, there are opportunities to look at very different chemistries which were not explored for Li ion batteries or just work better in Na batteries. The overall objective of NExtNCNaBatt project is the investigation of designed novel materials based on the N=C derived anions and their application as electrodes for sodium ion batteries. The major objective is the establishment of a fundamental understanding of the Na to N=C interactions in Novel Extended solids based on the NC chemistry for Na-ion batteries which will be achieved through the study of structural changes in the bulk by in-situ x-ray diffraction studies, as well as local changes in the atomic environment followed by advanced spectroscopic studies.
Na-ion batteries are just at the birth of commercialization, and therefore materials developed in this project could be timely incorporated into next generation prototypes and first commercial Na-ion batteries. Additionally, these new materials and the understanding of the alkali to NC interactions will be relevant to many other areas of research where electrochemical transformations occur, such as other battery chemistries, capacitors, electrochromic displays, and as photocatalysts, all systems where the understanding of the heterogeneous reactions between the solid electrode and ions from a liquid electrolyte are of critical importance.
NExtNCNaBatt project has largely improved the electrochemical performance of N=C containing electrodes by avoiding first cycle coulombic inefficiency, approaching these materials to their application in real low-cost Na-ion batteries. A better understanding of some of the issues related to the deployment of NC containing solids of different families will allow better design of next generation low cost Na-ion batteries.

Work performed

A summary of the work performed is described in the attached Report.

Final results

The crystal structure of a new Schiff Base molecule has been determined. The molecule is electrochemically active as electrode for Na-ion batteries with performance comparable to state-of-the-art organic anodes for Na-ion batteries. A novel electrolyte formulation largely supresses first cycle coulombic inefficiency in Schiff Base electrodes, bringing these materials closer to their implementation in Na-ion batteries for large scale stationary applications.