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Report

Teaser, summary, work performed and final results

Periodic Reporting for period 2 - PJ02 EARTH (Increased Runway and Airport Throughput)

Teaser

Summary

The revised wake separation (RECAT- EU) in Charles de Gaulle Airport and the Time Based Separation (TBS) concept supported by a separation delivery tool at London Heathrow Airport have demonstrated significant arrival efficiency benefits. These concepts are now being extended by the project to departure and mixed-mode operations. The project is also developing other complementary wake separation optimisation concepts. Initial real time simulation results have shown the potential for additional benefit above that already demonstrated for arrivals. The further development of a delivery tool opens greater opportunities for improving runway occupancy time optimisation and efficient management of Enhanced Approach Procedures in heavy traffic environments.
These Enhanced Approach Procedures that aim to reduce noise impact but also increase runway throughput are now developed ensuring their compatibility with a large range of aircraft equipment. This move allows maximising the expected effect of these new procedures that might become one of the most efficient runway throughput enhancement solutions of the project for airport with Heavy and Super Heavy traffic.
For airport operating Medium aircraft fleet, the latest progresses in the definition of the minimum radar performance together with the modelling of collision risk in case of surveillance minima reduction also allow for envisaging massive runway throughput increase.
First analyses have allowed refocusing the ongoing work on arrival and departure traffic optimisation and on the access into secondary airport in low visibility conditions.
The Project is also developing and analysing new criteria for designing new improved rotorcraft non-interfering simultaneous approach/departure procedures, towards achieving the best operational solution to allow rotorcraft -with a high technological avionics- to access to/ a busy airport (FATO) and reduce environmental and noise impact whilst facilitating increased runway throughput.

Work performed

WP1 has made significant progresses on its four main concept areas, Arrivals, Departures, Wake Risk Monitoring, Wake Decay Enhancing Device.
Several real time and fast time validation activities took place. Results are available or will be soon. Additional validation activities are in preparation, as well as the CBA.
WP2 developed the operational use cases and requirements, in parallel to the technical ones, for Enhanced Arrival Procedures using DT, SRAP, IGS-to-SRAP, IGS, A-IGS.
Requirements for the controller separation delivery tool were given to solution 1. The tool is used in WP2 with the separation tables prepared in WP2.
Several real-time validations took place at ground and board level. Fast-time activities assessed noise and capacity benefits.
WP3 is working on developing and validating the concept of reduction of Minimum Radar Separation based on Required Surveillance Performance.
The operational use cases and requirements have been developed and refined over 2018. Three Validations were performed, two fast time and one real time simulations.
Requirements for the controller separation delivery tool to ensure the separations in high-density areas were given to solution 1. The tool is used in WP3 validations.
WP4 is working on the development of the operational concept, on operational and technical sides, and on its validation.
The operational use cases and requirements were developed and refined in 2018.
Two real time simulation activities were achieved and reports produced.
WP5 concentrated on the proper definition of concept.
Special focus was put on the definition of â€œSecondary airportsâ€. Another task was to agree on the definition and description of â€œAlternative Ground Surveillanceâ€. Series of workshops led all partners to agree and introduced the clear definition.
Three validation exercises have been concluded and three others started, one real time and two fast time.
WP6 focused on developing and finalising the V2 phase. Four V2 validations were performed. V2 Data Pack was delivered in October 2018 and V2 Maturity Gate took place in November.
One fast time and three real time V3 validations activities were performed in 2018 and January 2019.
WP7 focuses on the enhancement of the terminal area operations considering efficient curved operations for both arrivals and departures. Focus Group activities took place to discuss the concept.
A real time simulation from cockpit side was performed in 2018. The exercise evaluated mainly human performance aspects related to optimisation of the barometric to geometric vertical transition. A Flight Simulation Session was executed to further support OSED developments.

Final results

The objective of WP1 is to conduct validation of concepts revising wake separation minima in order to increase arrival and departure runway capacity, efficiency, predictability and resilience while maintaining or increasing safety. To mitigate the impact on ATCO workload and Human Performance, and to deliver cost efficiency targets. ATC support tools such as Optimised Runway Delivery for arrival and Optimised Separation Delivery for departure will also be developed.
The objective of WP2 is to conduct validation of air and ground concepts allowing aircraft to perform complex approaches. The solution will enable mitigation of noise (Environmental Sustainability) and allow for reduced wake separation and consequently runway throughput increase (Capacity and Efficiency).
The objective of WP3 is to conduct validation of the reduction of minimum radar separation from 2.5NM down to 2.0NM on final approach with a direct positive impact on runway throughput (Capacity, Efficiency and Resilience). Application of reduced separation minima will be dependent on the surveillance performance and will be constrained by other factors such as satisfying the Runway Occupancy Time requirements for arrivals.
The objective of WP4 is to assess and validate a means to move rotorcraft operations from the active runway to improve fixed wing aircraft operations and improve rotorcraft operations by deploying (VFR) FATO procedure. The solution target is to improve capacity, predictability, safety and efficiency by removing the need of separations between fixed-wing aircraft and rotorcraft; as a consequence this leads to an improved flexibility, resilience, access and equity.
The objective of WP5 is to conduct validation of airborne and ground aspects of the concepts enhancing availability and accessibility of secondary airports which are suffering from limited infrastructure both from air and ground perspective, to handle more operations in Low Visibility Conditions, and therefore improving capacity.
The objective of WP6 is to conduct validation of traffic flow optimisation on single and multiple runway airports. Focus is to integrate multiple tactical concepts (wake solutions, dynamic adaption of runways, ...) and ROT information in order to optimize runway throughput (capacity, efficiency) and adapt capacity to traffic demand. Enhanced Coupled Arrival/Departure/Runway Manager (AMAN-DMAN and RMAN) systems will support controllers to sequence arrivals and departures according to the runway in use.
The objective of WP7 is to conduct V1 validation of a concept enhancing terminal area operation through the application of Global Navigation Satellite System usage extended to the Terminal Maneuvering Area.