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OXYGEN SIGNED

Quantifying the evolution of Earth's atmosphere with novel isotope systems and modelling

Total Cost €

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EC-Contrib. €

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Partnership

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 OXYGEN project word cloud

Explore the words cloud of the OXYGEN project. It provides you a very rough idea of what is the project "OXYGEN" about.

haze    episodes    global    composition    events    decipher       reorganization    experimental    database    gases    organic    custom    emerged    innovative    dependent    changed    first    isotope    rocks    climate    direct    cycles    atmospheres    planetary    snowball    o2    substantial    truth    uv    accompanied    o3    ch4    billion    mass    sampling    atmosphere    numerical    analytical    qualitative    constraints    influences    profound    signals    radiation    story    climatic    macroscopic    lamp    am    concentrations    evolution    cambrian    co2    earth    ground    data    geochemical    atmospheric    ancient    rigor    vastly    quantitative    poised    sedimentary    records    constraining    generation    sulfur    remnants    amazing    ago    extreme    unusual    oxygen    groundbreaking    history    paved    methodological    fundamental       55    points    models    feedbacks    free    photocell    despite    containing    lack    oxygenation    significantly    fractionations    accuracy    life    chemistry    concentration    time    unprecedented    interpreted    interdisciplinary    biogeochemical    coupled    contain    add    biosphere    devoid    dramatically    independent    combines    massive   

Project "OXYGEN" data sheet

The following table provides information about the project.

Coordinator
THE UNIVERSITY COURT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS 

Organization address
address: NORTH STREET 66 COLLEGE GATE
city: ST ANDREWS
postcode: KY16 9AJ
website: www.st-andrews.ac.uk

contact info
title: n.a.
name: n.a.
surname: n.a.
function: n.a.
email: n.a.
telephone: n.a.
fax: n.a.

 Coordinator Country United Kingdom [UK]
 Project website https://mif.wp.st-andrews.ac.uk/
 Total cost 1˙767˙455 €
 EC max contribution 1˙767˙455 € (100%)
 Programme 1. H2020-EU.1.1. (EXCELLENT SCIENCE - European Research Council (ERC))
 Code Call ERC-2015-STG
 Funding Scheme ERC-STG
 Starting year 2016
 Duration (year-month-day) from 2016-06-01   to  2021-05-31

 Partnership

Take a look of project's partnership.

# participants  country  role  EC contrib. [€] 
1    THE UNIVERSITY COURT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS UK (ST ANDREWS) coordinator 1˙767˙455.00

Map

 Project objective

Atmospheric oxygen is fundamental to life as we know it, but its concentration has changed dramatically over Earth’s 4.5 billion year history. An amazing qualitative story has emerged, in which Earth’s atmosphere was devoid of free oxygen for the first 2 billion years of planetary history, with two significant increases in concentration at ~2.4 and ~0.55 billion years ago. Both oxygenation events were accompanied by extreme climatic effects – the “snowball earth” episodes – and paved the way for massive reorganization of biogeochemical cycles such as the Cambrian radiation of macroscopic life. Despite these profound influences on the Earth system, we currently lack fundamental quantitative constraints on Earth’s atmospheric evolution. I am poised to add substantial quantitative rigor to Earth’s atmospheric history, by constraining the concentrations of important gases (e.g., O2, O3, CO2, CH4, organic haze) in ancient atmospheres to unprecedented accuracy. I will accomplish this via an innovative interdisciplinary program focused on the unusual mass-independent isotope fractionations observed in sedimentary rocks containing sulfur and oxygen. These signals are direct remnants of ancient atmospheric chemistry, and contain far more information than can currently be interpreted. This project combines novel experimental and methodological approaches with state-of-the-art numerical modelling to significantly advance our ability to decipher the isotope records. A unique “early Earth” UV lamp coupled to a custom-built photocell will enable direct production of isotope signals under Earth-like conditions, with time-dependent sampling. Groundbreaking analytical methodologies will vastly increase the global geochemical database. The experimental results and data will provide ground-truth for next-generation atmospheric models that will constrain atmospheric composition and its feedbacks with the Earth-biosphere-climate system during key points in our planetary history.

 Publications

year authors and title journal last update
List of publications.
2018 Andrew J. Rushby, Martin Johnson, Benjamin J.W. Mills, Andrew J. Watson, Mark W. Claire
Long-Term Planetary Habitability and the Carbonate-Silicate Cycle
published pages: 469-480, ISSN: 1531-1074, DOI: 10.1089/ast.2017.1693
Astrobiology 18/5 2019-09-02
2017 Steven F. Sholes, Megan L. Smith, Mark W. Claire, Kevin J. Zahnle, David C. Catling
Anoxic atmospheres on Mars driven by volcanism: Implications for past environments and life
published pages: 46-62, ISSN: 0019-1035, DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2017.02.022
Icarus 290 2019-09-02
2017 C. Mettam, A.L. Zerkle, M.W. Claire, G. Izon, C.J. Junium, R.J. Twitchett
High-frequency fluctuations in redox conditions during the latest Permian mass extinction
published pages: 210-223, ISSN: 0031-0182, DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.06.014
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 485 2019-09-02
2018 Elizabeth A. Oberlin, Mark W. Claire, and Samuel P. Kounaves
Evaluation of the Tindouf Basin Region in Southern Morocco as an Analogue Site for Soil Geochemistry on Noachian Mars
published pages: 1-11, ISSN: 1531-1074, DOI: 10.1089/ast.2016.1557
Astrobiology Vol. 18, No. 10 2019-09-02
2016 J. K. Harris, C. R. Cousins, M. W. Claire
Spectral identification and quantification of salts in the Atacama Desert
published pages: 100050I, ISSN: , DOI: 10.1117/12.2241520
Earth Resources and Environmental Remote Sensing/GIS Applications VII Vol. 10005 2019-09-02
2017 Aubrey L. Zerkle, Simon W. Poulton, Robert J. Newton, Colin Mettam, Mark W. Claire, Andrey Bekker, Christopher K. Junium
Onset of the aerobic nitrogen cycle during the Great Oxidation Event
published pages: 465-467, ISSN: 0028-0836, DOI: 10.1038/nature20826
Nature 542/7642 2019-09-02
2019 Elizabeth A. Jaramillo, Samuel H. Royle, Mark W. Claire, Samuel P. Kounaves, Mark A. Sephton
Indigenous Organic‐Oxidized Fluid Interactions in the Tissint Mars Meteorite
published pages: 3090-3098, ISSN: 1944-8007, DOI: 10.1029/2018gl081335
Geophysical Research Letters banner Volume 46, Issue 6 2019-09-02
2017 Gareth Izon, Aubrey L. Zerkle, Kenneth H. Williford, James Farquhar, Simon W. Poulton, Mark W. Claire
Biological regulation of atmospheric chemistry en route to planetary oxygenation
published pages: E2571-E2579, ISSN: 0027-8424, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1618798114
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114/13 2019-02-28
2016 Giada Arney, Shawn D. Domagal-Goldman, Victoria S. Meadows, Eric T. Wolf, Edward Schwieterman, Benjamin Charnay, Mark Claire, Eric Hébrard, Melissa G. Trainer
The Pale Orange Dot: The Spectrum and Habitability of Hazy Archean Earth
published pages: 873-899, ISSN: 1531-1074, DOI: 10.1089/ast.2015.1422
Astrobiology 16/11 2019-02-28
2018 C. L. Blättler, M. W. Claire, A. R. Prave, K. Kirsimäe, J. A. Higgins, P. V. Medvedev, A. E. Romashkin, D. V. Rychanchik, A. L. Zerkle, K. Paiste, T. Kreitsmann, I. L. Millar, J. A. Hayles, H. Bao, A. V. Turchyn, M. R. Warke, A. Lepland
Two-billion-year-old evaporites capture Earth’s great oxidation
published pages: 320-323, ISSN: 0036-8075, DOI: 10.1126/science.aar2687
Science 360/6386 2019-02-28
2018 Fernando Gázquez, Mark W. Claire
Triple oxygen isotope analysis of nitrate using isotope exchange cavity ringdown laser spectroscopy
published pages: 1949-1961, ISSN: 0951-4198, DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8268
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 32/22 2019-02-28

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