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PEGASUS SIGNED
The makeup of the modern horse: a history of the biological changes introduced by human management
Total Cost €
0EC-Contrib. €
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0PEGASUS project word cloud
Explore the words cloud of the PEGASUS project. It provides you a very rough idea of what is the project "PEGASUS" about.
revolutionizing
circulation
battlefield
agricultural
transformation
trajectories
history
domestic
ideas
500
animal
physiological
follow
difficult
antique
molecules
breeds
625
makeup
breeding
warfare
contexts
archaeology
multiple
transportation
starting
caspian
cavalry
stages
impacted
languages
communication
archaeozoological
domestication
explore
reconstruct
isotopic
evolutionary
individuals
strategies
biological
gather
natural
preferred
tremendously
genetics
horse
almost
trajectory
characterization
diversity
until
steppe
societies
technologies
rapid
emergence
living
economical
iberia
data
productivity
religions
behavioural
populations
reveal
people
creation
domesticated
genetic
unrivaled
latest
metagenomic
alone
epigenomic
perhaps
equestrian
secondary
modern
intensive
changed
husbandry
periods
historical
underlying
pontic
archaeogenetics
independently
genomic
track
politico
horses
dna
selective
transformed
wild
dietary
stimulated
population
chariotry
ancient
heavy
Project "PEGASUS" data sheet
The following table provides information about the project.
| Coordinator |
CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS
Organization address contact info |
| Coordinator Country | France [FR] |
| Total cost | 1˙999˙555 € |
| EC max contribution | 1˙999˙555 € (100%) |
| Programme |
1. H2020-EU.1.1. (EXCELLENT SCIENCE - European Research Council (ERC)) |
| Code Call | ERC-2015-CoG |
| Funding Scheme | ERC-COG |
| Starting year | 2016 |
| Duration (year-month-day) | from 2016-12-01 to 2021-11-30 |
Partnership
Take a look of project's partnership.
| # | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS | FR (PARIS) | coordinator | 1˙952˙961.00 |
| 2 | THE UNIVERSITY OF EXETER | UK (EXETER) | participant | 46˙593.00 |
| 3 | KOBENHAVNS UNIVERSITET | DK (KOBENHAVN) | participant | 0.00 |
Map
Project objective
The horse provided us with rapid transportation, an almost unrivaled secondary product that tremendously impacted the politico-economical trajectory of our societies, revolutionizing the circulation of ideas, people, languages, religions and communication. Horse chariotry and cavalry also changed warfare and beyond the battlefield new equestrian technologies have stimulated agricultural productivity. However, the 5,500 year long history of horse domestication and management, which transformed the natural evolutionary trajectory of wild horses into the more than 625 domestic breeds living today, is difficult to reconstruct from archaeology, history and modern genetics alone. Yet, with archaeogenetics, one can access the genetic information from past individuals and track in great detail past population trajectories. In this project, I propose to build on the latest advances in the analysis of ancient DNA molecules to gather new genomic, epigenomic and metagenomic information from ancient horses. This will be integrated with archaeozoological, isotopic and historical data to enhance our understanding of the multiple processes underlying the transformation of the animal that perhaps most impacted our history. Starting from the characterization of pre-domestic populations of wild horses, I will evaluate the genomic and dietary impact of early domestication stages and will explore whether horses were independently domesticated in Iberia and the Pontic-Caspian steppe. I will follow how the emergence of chariotry and the development of heavy cavalry impacted the horse’s behavioural, physiological and biological makeup. I will reveal the horse characteristics that were preferred in various historical contexts and will investigate a diversity of management strategies and husbandry conditions to reveal their impact on horses, from classical and late antique periods until the recent creation of modern breeds by means of intensive selective breeding.
Publications
| year | authors and title | journal | last update |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 |
Ludovic Orlando, Pablo Librado Origin and Evolution of Deleterious Mutations in Horses published pages: 649, ISSN: 2073-4425, DOI: 10.3390/genes10090649 |
Genes 10/9 | 2019-09-20 |
| 2019 |
Xuexue Liu, Yanli Zhang, Yefang Li, Jianfei Pan, Dandan Wang, Weihuang Chen, Zhuqing Zheng, Xiaohong He, Qianjun Zhao, Yabin Pu, Weijun Guan, Jianlin Han, Ludovic Orlando, Yuehui Ma, Lin Jiang EPAS1 gain-of-function mutation contributes to high-altitude adaptation in Tibetan horses published pages: , ISSN: 0737-4038, DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msz158 |
Molecular Biology and Evolution | 2019-08-30 |
| 2018 |
Gabriel Renaud, Bent Petersen, Andaine Seguin-Orlando, Mads Frost Bertelsen, Andrew Waller, Richard Newton, Romain Paillot, Neil Bryant, Mark Vaudin, Pablo Librado, Ludovic Orlando Improved de novo genomic assembly for the domestic donkey published pages: eaaq0392, ISSN: 2375-2548, DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaq0392 |
Science Advances 4/4 | 2019-06-18 |
| 2017 |
Peter D Heintzman, Grant D Zazula, Ross DE MacPhee, Eric Scott, James A Cahill, Brianna K McHorse, Joshua D Kapp, Mathias Stiller, Matthew J Wooller, Ludovic Orlando, John Southon, Duane G Froese, Beth Shapiro A new genus of horse from Pleistocene North America published pages: , ISSN: 2050-084X, DOI: 10.7554/eLife.29944 |
eLife 6 | 2019-06-18 |
| 2017 |
Mikkel Schubert, Marjan Mashkour, Charleen Gaunitz, Antoine Fages, Andaine Seguin-Orlando, Shiva Sheikhi, Ahmed H. Alfarhan, Saleh A. Alquraishi, Khaled A.S. Al-Rasheid, Richard Chuang, Luca Ermini, Cristina Gamba, Jaco Weinstock, Onar Vedat, Ludovic Orlando Zonkey: A simple, accurate and sensitive pipeline to genetically identify equine F1-hybrids in archaeological assemblages published pages: 147-157, ISSN: 0305-4403, DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2016.12.005 |
Journal of Archaeological Science 78 | 2019-06-18 |
| 2019 |
Lucie Zinger, Aurélie Bonin, Inger G. Alsos, Miklós Bálint, Holly Bik, Frédéric Boyer, Anthony A. Chariton, Simon Creer, Eric Coissac, Bruce E. Deagle, Marta De Barba, Ian A. Dickie, Alex J. Dumbrell, Gentile Francesco Ficetola, Noah Fierer, Luca Fumagalli, M. Thomas P. Gilbert, Simon Jarman, Ari Jumpponen, Håvard Kauserud, Ludovic Orlando, Johan Pansu, Jan Pawlowski, Leho Tedersoo, Philip F DNA metabarcoding—Need for robust experimental designs to draw sound ecological conclusions published pages: 1857-1862, ISSN: 0962-1083, DOI: 10.1111/mec.15060 |
Molecular Ecology 28/8 | 2019-08-05 |
| 2019 |
Antoine Fages, Kristian Hanghøj, Naveed Khan, Charleen Gaunitz, Andaine Seguin-Orlando, Michela Leonardi, Christian McCrory Constantz, Cristina Gamba, Khaled A.S. Al-Rasheid, Silvia Albizuri, Ahmed H. Alfarhan, Morten Allentoft, Saleh Alquraishi, David Anthony, Nurbol Baimukhanov, James H. Barrett, Jamsranjav Bayarsaikhan, Norbert Benecke, EloÃsa Bernáldez-Sánchez, Luis Berrocal-Rangel, Fereid Tracking Five Millennia of Horse Management with Extensive Ancient Genome Time Series published pages: 1419-1435.e31, ISSN: 0092-8674, DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.03.049 |
Cell 177/6 | 2019-08-05 |
| 2019 |
Kristian Hanghøj, Gabriel Renaud, Anders Albrechtsen, Ludovic Orlando DamMet: ancient methylome mapping accounting for errors, true variants, and post-mortem DNA damage published pages: , ISSN: 2047-217X, DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giz025 |
GigaScience 8/4 | 2019-08-05 |
| 2019 |
Gabriel Renaud, Kristian Hanghøj, Thorfinn Sand Korneliussen, Eske Willerslev, Ludovic Orlando Joint Estimates of Heterozygosity and Runs of Homozygosity for Modern and Ancient Samples published pages: genetics.302057., ISSN: 0016-6731, DOI: 10.1534/genetics.119.302057 |
Genetics | 2019-08-05 |
| 2018 |
Saskia Wutke, Edson Sandoval-Castellanos, Norbert Benecke, Hans-Jürgen Döhle, Susanne Friederich, Javier Gonzalez, Michael Hofreiter, Lembi Lõugas, Ola Magnell, Anna-Sapfo Malaspinas, Arturo Morales-Muñiz, Ludovic Orlando, Monika Reissmann, Alexandra Trinks, Arne Ludwig Decline of genetic diversity in ancient domestic stallions in Europe published pages: eaap9691, ISSN: 2375-2548, DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aap9691 |
Science Advances 4/4 | 2019-05-25 |
| 2018 |
Charleen Gaunitz, Antoine Fages, Kristian Hanghøj, Anders Albrechtsen, Naveed Khan, Mikkel Schubert, Andaine Seguin-Orlando, Ivy J. Owens, Sabine Felkel, Olivier Bignon-Lau, Peter de Barros Damgaard, Alissa Mittnik, Azadeh F. Mohaseb, Hossein Davoudi, Saleh Alquraishi, Ahmed H. Alfarhan, Khaled A. S. Al-Rasheid, Eric Crubézy, Norbert Benecke, Sandra Olsen, Dorcas Brown, David Anthony, Ken Massy, Vladimir Pitulko, Aleksei Kasparov, Gottfried Brem, Michael Hofreiter, Gulmira Mukhtarova, Nurbol Baimukhanov, Lembi Lõugas, Vedat Onar, Philipp W. Stockhammer, Johannes Krause, Bazartseren Boldgiv, Sainbileg Undrakhbold, Diimaajav Erdenebaatar, Sébastien Lepetz, Marjan Mashkour, Arne Ludwig, Barbara Wallner, Victor Merz, Ilja Merz, Viktor Zaibert, Eske Willerslev, Pablo Librado, Alan K. Outram, Ludovic Orlando Ancient genomes revisit the ancestry of domestic and Przewalski’s horses published pages: 111-114, ISSN: 0036-8075, DOI: 10.1126/science.aao3297 |
Science 360/6384 | 2019-05-25 |
| 2019 |
Heidi M. Nistelberger, AlbÃna Hulda Pálsdóttir, Bastiaan Star, Rúnar Leifsson, Agata T. Gondek, Ludovic Orlando, James H. Barrett, Jón Hallsteinn Hallsson, Sanne Boessenkool Sexing Viking Age horses from burial and non-burial sites in Iceland using ancient DNA published pages: 115-122, ISSN: 0305-4403, DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2018.11.007 |
Journal of Archaeological Science 101 | 2019-05-25 |
| 2018 |
Jan E. JaneÄka, Brian W. Davis, Sharmila Ghosh, Nandina Paria, Pranab J. Das, Ludovic Orlando, Mikkel Schubert, Martin K. Nielsen, Tom A. E. Stout, Wesley Brashear, Gang Li, Charles D. Johnson, Richard P. Metz, Al Muatasim Al Zadjali, Charles C. Love, Dickson D. Varner, Daniel W. Bellott, William J. Murphy, Bhanu P. Chowdhary, Terje Raudsepp Horse Y chromosome assembly displays unique evolutionary features and putative stallion fertility genes published pages: , ISSN: 2041-1723, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05290-6 |
Nature Communications 9/1 | 2019-05-25 |
| 2016 |
Saskia Wutke, Norbert Benecke, Edson Sandoval-Castellanos, Hans-Jürgen Döhle, Susanne Friederich, Javier Gonzalez, Jón Hallsteinn Hallsson, Michael Hofreiter, Lembi Lõugas, Ola Magnell, Arturo Morales-Muniz, Ludovic Orlando, AlbÃna Hulda Pálsdóttir, Monika Reissmann, Matej Ruttkay, Alexandra Trinks, Arne Ludwig Spotted phenotypes in horses lost attractiveness in the Middle Ages published pages: , ISSN: 2045-2322, DOI: 10.1038/srep38548 |
Scientific Reports 6/1 | 2019-05-25 |
| 2017 |
Christina Warinner, Alexander Herbig, Allison Mann, James A. Fellows Yates, Clemens L. Weiß, Hernán A. Burbano, Ludovic Orlando, Johannes Krause A Robust Framework for Microbial Archaeology published pages: 321-356, ISSN: 1527-8204, DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genom-091416-035526 |
Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics 18/1 | 2019-05-25 |
| 2017 |
Michela Leonardi, Pablo Librado, Clio Der Sarkissian, Mikkel Schubert, Ahmed H. Alfarhan, Saleh A. Alquraishi, Khaled A. S. Al-Rasheid, Cristina Gamba, Eske Willerslev, Ludovic Orlando Evolutionary Patterns and Processes: Lessons from Ancient DNA published pages: syw059, ISSN: 1063-5157, DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syw059 |
Systematic Biology | 2019-05-25 |
| 2017 |
Robert J. Schaefer, Mikkel Schubert, Ernest Bailey, Danika L. Bannasch, Eric Barrey, Gila Kahila Bar-Gal, Gottfried Brem, Samantha A. Brooks, Ottmar Distl, Ruedi Fries, Carrie J. Finno, Vinzenz Gerber, Bianca Haase, Vidhya Jagannathan, Ted Kalbfleisch, Tosso Leeb, Gabriella Lindgren, Maria Susana Lopes, Núria Mach, Artur da Câmara Machado, James N. MacLeod, Annette McCoy, Julia Metzger, Cecilia Penedo, Sagi Polani, Stefan Rieder, Imke Tammen, Jens Tetens, Georg Thaller, Andrea Verini-Supplizi, Claire M. Wade, Barbara Wallner, Ludovic Orlando, James R. Mickelson, Molly E. McCue Developing a 670k genotyping array to tag ~2M SNPs across 24 horse breeds published pages: , ISSN: 1471-2164, DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3943-8 |
BMC Genomics 18/1 | 2019-05-25 |
| 2017 |
Pablo Librado, Cristina Gamba, Charleen Gaunitz, Clio Der Sarkissian, Mélanie Pruvost, Anders Albrechtsen, Antoine Fages, Naveed Khan, Mikkel Schubert, Vidhya Jagannathan, Aitor Serres-Armero, Lukas F. K. Kuderna, Inna S. Povolotskaya, Andaine Seguin-Orlando, Sébastien Lepetz, Markus Neuditschko, Catherine Thèves, Saleh Alquraishi, Ahmed H. Alfarhan, Khaled Al-Rasheid, Stefan Rieder, Zainolla Samashev, Henri-Paul Francfort, Norbert Benecke, Michael Hofreiter, Arne Ludwig, Christine Keyser, Tomas Marques-Bonet, Bertrand Ludes, Eric Crubézy, Tosso Leeb, Eske Willerslev, Ludovic Orlando Ancient genomic changes associated with domestication of the horse published pages: 442-445, ISSN: 0036-8075, DOI: 10.1126/science.aam5298 |
Science 356/6336 | 2019-05-25 |
| 2017 |
Jessica L. Metcalf, Se Jin Song, James T. Morton, Sophie Weiss, Andaine Seguin-Orlando, Frédéric Joly, Claudia Feh, Pierre Taberlet, Eric Coissac, Amnon Amir, Eske Willerslev, Rob Knight, Valerie McKenzie, Ludovic Orlando Evaluating the impact of domestication and captivity on the horse gut microbiome published pages: , ISSN: 2045-2322, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15375-9 |
Scientific Reports 7/1 | 2019-05-25 |
| 2018 |
Michela Leonardi, Francesco Boschin, Konstantinos Giampoudakis, Robert M. Beyer, Mario Krapp, Robin Bendrey, Robert Sommer, Paolo Boscato, Andrea Manica, David Nogues-Bravo, Ludovic Orlando Late Quaternary horses in Eurasia in the face of climate and vegetation change published pages: eaar5589, ISSN: 2375-2548, DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aar5589 |
Science Advances 4/7 | 2019-05-25 |
| 2018 |
William Taylor, Svetlana Shnaider, Aida Abdykanova, Antoine Fages, Frido Welker, Franziska Irmer, Andaine Seguin-Orlando, Naveed Khan, Katerina Douka, Ksenia Kolobova, Ludovic Orlando, Andrei Krivoshapkin, Nicole Boivin Early pastoral economies along the Ancient Silk Road: Biomolecular evidence from the Alay Valley, Kyrgyzstan published pages: e0205646, ISSN: 1932-6203, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205646 |
PLOS ONE 13/10 | 2019-05-25 |
| 2017 |
Valerie J. McKenzie, Se Jin Song, Frédéric Delsuc, Tiffany L. Prest, Angela M. Oliverio, Timothy M. Korpita, Alexandra Alexiev, Katherine R. Amato, Jessica L. Metcalf, Martin Kowalewski, Nico L. Avenant, Andres Link, Anthony Di Fiore, Andaine Seguin-Orlando, Claudia Feh, Ludovic Orlando, Joseph R. Mendelson, Jon Sanders, Rob Knight The Effects of Captivity on the Mammalian Gut Microbiome published pages: 690-704, ISSN: 1540-7063, DOI: 10.1093/icb/icx090 |
Integrative and Comparative Biology 57/4 | 2019-05-25 |
| 2017 |
T. Cucchi, A. Mohaseb, S. Peigné, K. Debue, L. Orlando, M. Mashkour Detecting taxonomic and phylogenetic signals in equid cheek teeth: towards new palaeontological and archaeological proxies published pages: 160997, ISSN: 2054-5703, DOI: 10.1098/rsos.160997 |
Royal Society Open Science 4/4 | 2019-05-25 |
| 2018 |
Peter de Barros Damgaard, Rui Martiniano, Jack Kamm, J. VÃctor Moreno-Mayar, Guus Kroonen, Michaël Peyrot, Gojko Barjamovic, Simon Rasmussen, Claus Zacho, Nurbol Baimukhanov, Victor Zaibert, Victor Merz, Arjun Biddanda, Ilja Merz, Valeriy Loman, Valeriy Evdokimov, Emma Usmanova, Brian Hemphill, Andaine Seguin-Orlando, Fulya Eylem Yediay, Inam Ullah, Karl-Göran Sjögren, Katrine Højholt Iversen, Jeremy Choin, Constanza de la Fuente, Melissa Ilardo, Hannes Schroeder, Vyacheslav Moiseyev, Andrey Gromov, Andrei Polyakov, Sachihiro Omura, Süleyman Yücel Senyurt, Habib Ahmad, Catriona McKenzie, Ashot Margaryan, Abdul Hameed, Abdul Samad, Nazish Gul, Muhammad Hassan Khokhar, O. I. Goriunova, Vladimir I. Bazaliiskii, John Novembre, Andrzej W. Weber, Ludovic Orlando, Morten E. Allentoft, Rasmus Nielsen, Kristian Kristiansen, Martin Sikora, Alan K. Outram, Richard Durbin, Eske Willerslev The first horse herders and the impact of early Bronze Age steppe expansions into Asia published pages: eaar7711, ISSN: 0036-8075, DOI: 10.1126/science.aar7711 |
Science 360/6396 | 2019-05-25 |
| 2018 |
Ludovic Orlando Late Bronze Age cultural origins of dairy pastoralism in Mongolia published pages: 12083-12085, ISSN: 0027-8424, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1817559115 |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115/48 | 2019-05-25 |
| 2018 |
Theodore S. Kalbfleisch, Edward S. Rice, Michael S. DePriest, Brian P. Walenz, Matthew S. Hestand, Joris R. Vermeesch, Brendan L. O′Connell, Ian T. Fiddes, Alisa O. Vershinina, Nedda F. Saremi, Jessica L. Petersen, Carrie J. Finno, Rebecca R. Bellone, Molly E. McCue, Samantha A. Brooks, Ernest Bailey, Ludovic Orlando, Richard E. Green, Donald C. Miller, Douglas F. Antczak, James N. MacLeod Improved reference genome for the domestic horse increases assembly contiguity and composition published pages: , ISSN: 2399-3642, DOI: 10.1038/s42003-018-0199-z |
Communications Biology 1/1 | 2019-05-25 |
| 2018 |
Pablo Librado, Ludovic Orlando Detecting Signatures of Positive Selection along Defined Branches of a Population Tree Using LSD published pages: 1520-1535, ISSN: 0737-4038, DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msy053 |
Molecular Biology and Evolution 35/6 | 2019-05-25 |
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