CARBOWASTE
Treatment and Disposal of Irradiated Graphite and Other Carbonaceous Waste
| Coordinatore | FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JUELICH GMBH
Organization address
address: Leo-Brandt-Strasse contact info |
| Nazionalità Coordinatore | Germany [DE] |
| Totale costo | 12˙292˙114 € |
| EC contributo | 6˙000˙000 € |
| Programma | FP7-EURATOM-FISSION
EURATOM: Nuclear fission and radiation protection |
| Code Call | FP7-Fission-2007 |
| Funding Scheme | CP |
| Anno di inizio | 2008 |
| Periodo (anno-mese-giorno) | 2008-04-01 - 2013-03-31 |
Partecipanti
| # | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JUELICH GMBH
Organization address
address: Leo-Brandt-Strasse contact info |
DE (JUELICH) | coordinator | 0.00 |
| 2 |
AGENCE NATIONALE POUR LA GESTION DES DECHETS RADIOACTIFS
Organization address
address: 1-7 rue Jean Monnet - Parc de la Croix Blanche contact info |
FR (CHATENAY MALABRY) | participant | 0.00 |
| 3 |
AGENZIA NAZIONALE PER LE NUOVE TECNOLOGIE,L'ENERGIA E LO SVILUPPO ECONOMICO SOSTENIBILE
Organization address
address: Lungotevere Grande Ammiraglio Thaon di Revel 76 contact info |
IT (ROMA) | participant | 0.00 |
| 4 |
AMEC NUCLEAR UK LIMITED
Organization address
address: Chelford Road, Booths Park contact info |
UK (KNUTSFORD) | participant | 0.00 |
| 5 |
AREVA NP SAS
Organization address
address: 1 place de la Coupole - Tour AREVA contact info |
FR (COURBEVOIE) | participant | 0.00 |
| 6 |
ASSOCIATION POUR LA RECHERCHE ET LE DEVELOPPEMENT DES METHODES ET PROCESSUS INDUSTRIELS - ARMINES
Organization address
address: Boulevard Saint-Michel 60 contact info |
FR (PARIS) | participant | 0.00 |
| 7 |
BRADTEC DECON TECHNOLOGIES ltd
Organization address
address: Foley Road 33 contact info |
UK ("CLAYGATE, SURREY") | participant | 0.00 |
| 8 |
CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE
Organization address
address: Rue Michel -Ange 3 contact info |
FR (PARIS) | participant | 0.00 |
| 9 |
CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIONES ENERGETICAS, MEDIOAMBIENTALES Y TECNOLOGICAS-CIEMAT
Organization address
address: Avenida Complutense 22 contact info |
ES (MADRID) | participant | 0.00 |
| 10 |
COMMISSARIAT A L ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES
Organization address
address: RUE LEBLANC 25 contact info |
FR (PARIS 15) | participant | 0.00 |
| 11 |
DOOSAN BABCOCK LIMITED
Organization address
address: MANOR ROYAL CRAWLEY BUSINESS QUARTER DOOSAN HOUSE contact info |
UK (CRAWLEY) | participant | 0.00 |
| 12 |
ECOLE NORMALE SUPERIEURE
Organization address
address: "45, RUE D'ULM" contact info |
FR (PARIS CEDEX 05) | participant | 0.00 |
| 13 |
ELECTRICITE DE FRANCE S.A.
Organization address
address: avenue de Wagram 22-30 contact info |
FR (PARIS) | participant | 0.00 |
| 14 |
EMPRESA NACIONAL DE RESIDUOS RADIACTIVOS S.A.
Organization address
address: Calle Emilio Vargas 7 contact info |
ES (MADRID) | participant | 0.00 |
| 15 |
Furnaces Nuclear Applications Grenoble
Organization address
address: Avenue Charles de Gaulle 4 contact info |
FR (Grenoble) | participant | 0.00 |
| 16 |
JRC -JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE- EUROPEAN COMMISSION
Organization address
address: Rue de la Loi 200 contact info |
BE (BRUSSELS) | participant | 0.00 |
| 17 |
LIETUVOS ENERGETIKOS INSTITUTAS
Organization address
address: Breslaujos g. 3 contact info |
LT (KAUNAS) | participant | 0.00 |
| 18 |
NATIONAL NUCLEAR LABORATORY LIMITED
Organization address
address: Daresbury Park - Daresbury 1100 contact info |
UK (WARRINGTON) | participant | 0.00 |
| 19 |
NUCLEAR DECOMMISSIONING AUTHORITY - NDA
Organization address
address: Westlakes Science PArk - Herdus House contact info |
UK (MOOR ROW) | participant | 0.00 |
| 20 |
NUCLEAR RESEARCH AND CONSULTANCY GROUP
Organization address
address: Westerduinweg 3 contact info |
NL (PETTEN) | participant | 0.00 |
| 21 |
PEBBLE BED MODULAR REACTOR COMPANY (PTY) LTD
Organization address
address: Pebble House 1279 Mike Crawford contact info |
ZA (CENTURION) | participant | 0.00 |
| 22 |
REGIA AUTONOMA PENTRU ACTIVITATI NUCLEARE DROBETA TR. SEVERIN RA SUCURSALA CERCETARI NUCLEARE PITESTI
Organization address
address: Cimpului 1 contact info |
RO (MIOVENI - ARGES) | participant | 0.00 |
| 23 |
SGL CARBON GMBH
Organization address
address: Werner-von-Siemens-Strasse 18 contact info |
DE (MEITINGEN) | participant | 0.00 |
| 24 |
SOCIETA GESTIONE IMPIANTI NUCLEARI PER AZIONI
Organization address
address: VIA TORINO 6 contact info |
IT (ROMA) | participant | 0.00 |
| 25 |
SOUTH AFRICAN NUCLEAR ENERGY CORPORATION LIMITED
Organization address
address: CHURCH STREET WEST EXT PELINDABA BRITS NORTH WESTEN PROVINCE contact info |
ZA (PRETORIA) | participant | 0.00 |
| 26 |
STUDIECENTRUM VOOR KERNENERGIE
Organization address
address: Herrmann Debrouxlaan 40 contact info |
BE (Brussel) | participant | 0.00 |
| 27 |
STUDSVIK NUCLEAR AB
Organization address
address: N/A contact info |
SE (NYKOEPING) | participant | 0.00 |
| 28 |
THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER
Organization address
address: OXFORD ROAD contact info |
UK (MANCHESTER) | participant | 0.00 |
| 29 |
UCAR SNC - GROUPE GRAFTECH INTERNATIONAL LTD
Organization address
address: La Lechere contact info |
FR (AIGUEBLANCHE cedex) | participant | 0.00 |
| 30 |
VALSTYBINIS MOKSLINIU TYRIMU INSTITUTAS FIZINIU IR TECHNOLOGIJOS MOKSLU CENTRAS
Organization address
address: Savanoriu 231 contact info |
LT (VILNIUS) | participant | 0.00 |
Mappa
Word cloud
Esplora la "nuvola delle parole (Word Cloud) per avere un'idea di massima del progetto.
Obiettivo del progetto (Objective)
'Gas-Cooled Reactors (GCR), RBMK and some Material Test Reactors (MTR) make use of graphite as moderator of the fuel, structures of the core and/or thermal columns. During operation, the graphite and other carbonaceous materials like carbon brick, pyrocarbon and silicon carbide coatings are contaminated by fission products and neutron activation. These irradiated carbonaceous wastes are problematic due to their content of long-lived radioisotopes (e.g. Carbon14, Chlorine 36) and due to their large volumes. About 250000 t of i-carbon are existing, worldwide. Acceptable solutions have not yet been established to handle this kind of waste. This fact also represents a significant drawback for the market introduction of graphite-moderated reactors like Very/High-Temperature Reactors (V/HTR) as a promising Generation IV system candidate. Graphite moderated reactors represent the very first generation of nuclear reactors and therefore need to be decommissioned ahead of other reactor types which evolved later. Presently, accelerated decommissioning of GCR and RBMK and subsequent disposal of i-graphite is the preferred option for not leaving this waste as a legacy for future generations. The CARBOWASTE project aims at an integrated waste management approach for this kind of radioactive wastes which are mainly characterized as Intermediate Level Waste (ILW), due to the varying content of long-lived radioisotopes. Methodologies and databases will be developed for assessing different technology options like direct disposal in adopted waste containers, treatment & purification before disposal or even recycling i-carbonaceous material for reuse in the nuclear field. The feasibility of the associated processes will be experimentally investigated to deliver data for modeling the microstructure and localization of contaminants. This is of high importance to better understand the origin of the contamination and the release mechanisms during treatment and/or disposal.'
Introduzione (Teaser)
As many graphite-moderated nuclear reactors in Europe near the end of their operational lives, effective, safe and sustainable solutions are needed for the radioactive waste retrieved during decommissioning. An EU-supported project has developed guidelines for the retrieval, handling and disposal of irradiated graphite (i-graphite).
Descrizione progetto (Article)
As Europe gears up towards decommissioning its graphite-moderated nuclear reactors over the coming decades, disposing the i-graphite will present a major challenge. Of the 250 000 tonnes of the material worldwide, the bulk of it is in the EU.
Currently, the small amount of i-graphite waste that has been retrieved from test reactors has been mostly stored in silos and vaults, awaiting a decision on its disposal. Even though i-graphite is classified as long-lived low- or intermediate-level waste, more robust and sustainable waste management options need to be devised to avert the radiation risks it poses.
Financed by the EU's Euratom programme, the project 'Treatment and disposal of irradiated graphite and other carbonaceous waste' (CARBOWASTE) developed integrated guidelines for the retrieval, treatment and disposal of i-graphite. It targeted both legacy waste and waste to be produced by future generations of reactors.
Among CARBOWASTE's achievements was the development of techniques for separating the coated particles from the moderator graphite of high-temperature reactor fuel. CARBOWASTE discovered that thermal, chemical or microbiological treatment can get rid of a significant proportion of the contamination. The project also investigated the possible reuse of this purified material. A sufficient understanding of irradiated graphite has been generated to conclude with confidence that irradiated graphite waste can be safely disposed in a wide range of disposal systems.
As decommissioning looms ever closer, the CARBOWASTE toolbox promises to prove invaluable in the safe and effective disposal of i-graphite waste.