FORTR18

"The Forest as Habitat in Transylvania of the 18th Century: Society, Economy and Environment in the Edge of the Hapsburg Empire"

Coordinatore	UNIVERSITAT WIEN    more  Organization address address: UNIVERSITATSRING 1 city: WIEN postcode: 1010 contact info Titolo: Prof. Nome: Oliver Jens Cognome: Schmitt Email: send email Telefono: +0043 1427741118 Fax: +0043 142779411
Nazionalità Coordinatore	Austria [AT]
Totale costo	215˙194 €
EC contributo	215˙194 €
Programma	FP7-PEOPLE Specific programme "People" implementing the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (2007 to 2013)
Code Call	FP7-PEOPLE-IEF-2008
Funding Scheme	MC-IEF
Anno di inizio	2009
Periodo (anno-mese-giorno)	2009-09-15   -   2011-09-14

 Partecipanti

#	participant	country	role	EC contrib. [€]
1	UNIVERSITAT WIEN  Organization address address: UNIVERSITATSRING 1 city: WIEN postcode: 1010 contact info Titolo: Prof. Nome: Oliver Jens Cognome: Schmitt Email: send email Telefono: +0043 1427741118 Fax: +0043 142779411	AT (WIEN)	coordinator	215˙194.02

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 Obiettivo del progetto (Objective)

'The central point of the proposal is the analysis of the interdependencies between rural communities and the natural environment of the forest in the 18th century Transylvania, as well as the perils to which the environment was exposed as a consequence of this relationship. At the same time, one will study the modes of perception by which the people approached their environment, thus being exposed also the contemporary normative procedures of acting on the environment, with the possible result of a better understanding of the relativity of today’s concepts about nature and the environment. The domains by which the investigation begins will follow the anthropological constants that act at the structural level and often put in opposition the “utilization” of forest chiefly for economic purposes and the “conflict” generated by the fulfillment of these needs, as well as the moral, customary or juridical barriers that refers differently to the material resources of a community in general. The so-called anthropological constants that belong to the human nature and to the individual character can hide certain variables, favourable or unfavourable to the society, because they depend on the cultural system infused on various social levels, from micro- to macro social groups, everyone having different perceptions, which nevertheless sum up at the scale of the whole society. That’s why the present study will analyze how and to what extent the Enlightenment produced in Transylvania a mutation in the vision of the individual and the society about the environment. In the 18th century appears the concept of „durability of the forest”, which is important not only for the economic functions, but also for the ecologic and social ones. The study analyzes the policy of the Imperials from Vienna regarding the Transylvanian forests. The forest is perceived in a cultural fashion correlating the reception through documents with that through non-material culture.'