HILUMI LHC

FP7 High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider Design Study

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 Obiettivo del progetto (Objective)

'The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the largest scientific instrument ever built. It has been exploring the new energy frontier since 2009, gathering a global user community of 7,000 scientists. It will remain the most powerful accelerator in the world for at least two decades, and its full exploitation is the highest priority in the European Strategy for Particle Physics, adopted by the CERN Council and integrated into the ESFRI Roadmap. To extend its discovery potential, the LHC will need a major upgrade around 2020 to increase its luminosity (rate of collisions) by a factor of 10 beyond its design value. As a highly complex and optimized machine, such an upgrade of the LHC must be carefully studied and requires about 10 years to implement. The novel machine configuration, called High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), will rely on a number of key innovative technologies, representing exceptional technological challenges, such as cutting-edge 13 tesla superconducting magnets, very compact and ultra-precise superconducting cavities for beam rotation, and 300-metre-long high-power superconducting links with zero energy dissipation.

This FP7 Design Study proposal (HiLumi LHC) is part of an overall project that will federate efforts and R&D of a large community towards the ambitious HL-LHC objectives. HiLumi LHC involves participants from outside the European Research Area (ERA), in particular leading US and Japanese laboratories, which will facilitate the implementation of the construction phase as a global project. The proposed governance model is tailored accordingly and may pave the way for the organization of other global research infrastructures.

HiLumi LHC will help to foster opportunities for the European industry to bid for contracts worth 300 M€ in innovative fields during the second half of this decade, and will establish the ERA as a focal point of a global research cooperation and a leader in frontier knowledge and technologies.'

Introduzione (Teaser)

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the largest scientific instrument built to date and a result of 30 years of technological development from over 7 000 scientists and engineers spanning more than 60 countries. Scientists co-funded by the participating institutes and the EU are laying the groundwork for luminosity upgrades that are scheduled for around 2020 to enable an explosion of new data for analysis.

Descrizione progetto (Article)

Being proportional to the particle collision rate, the accelerator luminosity is an important performance measure. To extend the discovery potential of the LHC as the most powerful particle accelerator, higher luminosity is required.

The EU-funded project 'FP7 high luminosity large hadron collider design study' (http://cern.ch/HiLumiLHC (HILUMI LHC)) is preparing the ground to increase the LHC luminosity by a factor of 5 to 10 beyond its design value by 2020. The project brings together scientists and engineers from 15 European institutions, as well as from institutes in Russia, Japan and the United States.

Upgrading the LHC for higher luminosity will require new technologies to be developed. These include high-field 13-Tesla accelerator magnets, radio-frequency cavities (crab cavities), new generation of collimators and high-power links, all based on new superconductivity technologies.

Project members are focusing on different optic designs to achieve machine performance of 250-inverse-femtobarn integrated luminosity per year. They have already developed a machine baseline layout including initial specifications. Another task has been to reduce beam size at the collision point by designing a 150-mm magnet aperture of new technology. Furthermore, compact crab cavities have been designed to increase the area where beams overlap based on a technology never used before in a proton accelerator.

Numerical tools providing beam loss maps have been developed for the LHC collimation system. Beam loss simulations have been set up for various upgrade scenarios. The project team has also concentrated on studying cryogenic cooling to be adopted for the different electrical components of the cold powering system. A test station for measuring a 20kA superconducting cable for use in high-current cables has been also set up.

Compared to the LHC, HILUMI LHC will increase the ability of the LHC to produce useful collisions to provide more accurate fundamental particle measurements and enable observation of rare processes that occur below the current sensitivity level.